Infertility Assessment
Infertility Assessment
Infertility assessments include a variety of examinations and tests to determine the underlying causes of infertility. To find out if female and male partners have serious infertility issues, you and your partner must undergo infertility assessment tests. Infection is usually simple to treat if the couple has no serious medical conditions.
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Diagnosis
Both female and male partners can have infertility issues, and in many cases cause of infertility is more than one. So we must evaluate both partners. The evaluation may require a series of blood investigations, scans, and analyses. We most probably find the underlying cause of infertility with the evaluation, but sometimes the cause is not identified, known as unexplained infertility.

Infertility Assessment of Female
Most infertility specialists will advise tests if you have had failed pregnancies or facing problems in conceiving. The test could perhaps help to identify if you have infertility problems. Miscarriages can occur even if you have regular menstrual cycles and a healthy weight. It is best to undergo infertility tests because they will assist you in determining the underlying issues.

Personal medical history
Infertility can be caused by hormonal imbalances or pre-existing diseases in women. As a result, most infertility doctors request general blood tests along with infertility tests. These are helpful in detecting issues such as hypothyroidism, PCOD, and endometriosis, which are common causes of infertility.
Physical Examination
The thyroid gland, breast health, and pelvic examinations help to find the issues underlying infertility. When it comes to how to check for infertility, one of the most common tests is a physical examination. The gynecological exam is necessary because it focuses on your reproductive health.


Blood tests for hormones
The thyroid gland, breast health, and pelvic examinations help to find the issues underlying infertility. When it comes to how to check for infertility, one of the most common tests is a physical examination. The gynecological exam is necessary because it focuses on your reproductive health.
Ultrasound examination
An ultrasound scan enables one to see the ovary and uterus position and structure. As a result, it can be helpful in determining whether your reproductive organs are healthy enough for pregnancy. An ultrasound scan can detect PCOS or swollen ovaries if you have it. An ultrasound scan can detect whether or not your reproductive organs are blocked. You must have an ultrasound scan within two to six days to determine your menstrual cycle start date and if you are infertile.


Hysterosalpingography (HSG)
It is an X-ray test that helps outline the uterus’s internal shape. It is also known as HSG. Apart from that, this test will tell you whether your Fallopian tubes are blocked or not.
Hysteroscopy
Infertility hysteroscopy aids in detecting all intrauterine changes that may affect implantation or even the baby’s growth.


Laparoscopy
Laparoscopy is a simple and minimally invasive surgical procedure that helps diagnose the reasons for infertility by evaluating the inside of the reproductive system, which includes the ovaries, fallopian tubes, and uterus. Laparoscopy can help discover the underlying cause of infertility, such as endometriosis, blocked fallopian tubes, buildups of scar tissue, fibroids, etc.
Terms to Know
AMH (ANTI-MULLERIAN HORMONE)
The anti-mullerian hormone is produced by cells in the follicles (egg-containing sacs) of a woman’s ovary. A high AMH level indicates a large number of follicles, which means more eggs. As a woman ages, the number of eggs she produces decreases, as do her AMH levels. This blood test can be done at any time and provides a realistic idea of the number of eggs.
FSH (FOLLICLE STIMULATING HORMONE)
FSH is responsible for egg maturation in the ovary. This blood test is performed on the second or third day of a woman’s menstrual cycle. In comparison to AMH levels, high FSH levels indicate poor ovarian reserves, whereas low FSH levels indicate a good ovarian reserve.
ESTRADIOL
Estradiol is tested along with FSH. It is a type of estrogen responsible for the growth of healthy eggs in a woman’s ovaries. If the E2 test confirms high estradiol levels, it might indicate a problem with egg quantity or quality.
AFC (ANTRAL FOLLICLE COUNT)
AFC is the most accurate indicator of ovarian reserves because it measures both the quantity and quality of eggs. Antral follicles are found in the ovaries and contain immature eggs with the potential to mature into mature eggs. The number of antral follicles can be precisely counted using vaginal ultrasound. A high AFC suggests a significant ovarian reserve, whereas a low AFC indicates a low fertility potential.
Infertility Assessment of Male
Infertility is a serious condition that can affect both men and women. Some of the causes of infertility include low sperm count, poor sperm quality, and pre-existing medical conditions. Various assessments are available to help identify the cause of failed pregnancies. If you and your partner are experiencing trouble with your sexual life and conceiving, you should both get these tests.

Personal medical history
One of the most important causes of male infertility is a family history of infertility. Doctors will inquire about your partner’s sexual practices. For example, understanding the proper timing of intercourse, the use of lubricants, and so on.
Besides that, medical history, such as precocious puberty, STDs, urinary tract infections, etc. If your partner has diabetes or pulmonary infections, he should consult a physician.
Physical Examination
One of the first steps in male infertility diagnostics is a physical examination. Examiners perform it inside a warm room. The dartos muscles are mainly contracted with cold examining hands. In addition, a scrotal test is performed. The patient is instructed to disrobe by stretching his arms. The examiner looks at the entire body habitus. Men who have not been properly masculinized lack comparatively long extremities. This is due to a lack of androgen stimulation.


Semen Analysis
There are several methods for obtaining sperm samples. You can provide a sample at the center by masturbating and ejaculating into a special container. Your sperm is then examined in an Andrology laboratory to determine the number of sperm present as well as any abnormalities in shape (morphology) and movement (motility) of the sperm. The lab will also look for signs of problems, such as infections, in your sperm.
Sperm counts quite often vary substantially from one specimen to the next. In some cases, several sperm analysis tests are performed over time to ensure accurate results. If your sperm analysis is abnormal, Infertility Experts will perform additional male infertility tests to determine the cause of infertility and potential solutions. These are some examples:
Hormone Analysis
The pituitary gland, hypothalamus, and testicles all produce important hormones for sexual development and sperm production. Other hormonal or organ system abnormalities may also contribute to infertility. Hormonal evaluation is important in case of low sperm count.

How is Hormone Testing Performed ?
Any abnormalities or imbalances in sex hormones can lead to infertility in men. A series of tests are performed on the blood sample in order to obtain a complete hormone profile. The levels of the following hormones are evaluated by the doctor, which aids in the detection of male infertility
Terms to Know
LH (LUTEINIZING HORMONE)
The pituitary gland also produces luteinizing hormone (LH), which plays an important role in male infertility. LH stimulates testosterone production. Any increase in this hormone level could indicate that the testicles are not producing enough testosterone.
FSH (FOLLICLE STIMULATING HORMONE)
The pituitary gland, which is in charge of healthy sperm production in men, produces follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH).
TESTOSTERONE
The testicles of a man produce this male sex hormone. Testosterone controls a man’s masculine characteristics like hair growth, bone density, and muscle strength. The testosterone levels in men can decline with age, but if the decline is unusual, it can lead to infertility.
PROLACTIN
The pituitary glands produce prolactin. When men’s prolactin levels increase, so does their sexual drive. In some cases, this can lead to erectile dysfunction, fertility issues, and a lack of energy.
A TESTICULAR BIOPSY
A needle is used to extract samples from the testicle in this test. If the testicular biopsy results show that sperm production is normal, the problem is most likely caused by a blockage or another issue with sperm transport.
SPECIALIZED TESTS FOR SPERM FUNCTION
Various tests can determine how well your sperm survive after ejaculation, how well they penetrate an egg, and whether or not they attach to the egg. These tests are rarely used and usually do not change treatment recommendations significantly.
GENETIC ANALYSIS
Genetic testing examines the DNA, also known as the chemical database, which largely contains instructions for body function. This test aids in determining whether the gene changes caused any health problems, particularly infertility.